Legal Terms Glossary – Plain-English Legal Definitions

📄 Legal Terms Glossary 📚

Welcome to the LawAdvisorPro Legal Terms Glossary — your go-to resource for understanding legal language in plain English. Whether you’re dealing with a divorce, personal injury claim, medical billing issue, or workplace dispute, this glossary will help you decode complex legal terms, abbreviations, and phrases you’ll often come across in legal documents, insurance policies, or court proceedings. Browse the list alphabetically or use the search bar to quickly find the terms that matter most to your situation. We’re always adding new entries to keep it useful and up to date.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

➡️️ A

Abandonment: A fault ground where one spouse leaves the marriage without justification.
Affidavit: A written statement made under oath, used as evidence in court.
Affordable Care Act (ACA): A U.S. healthcare law that prevents insurers from denying or overcharging based on pre-existing conditions.
Agent (Attorney-in-Fact): The person who is authorized to act on behalf of the principal.
Alimony: Court-ordered financial support paid to a spouse after divorce.
Annual Gift Exclusion: The amount you can gift tax-free each year without using your lifetime exemption.
Appeal: A request to a higher court to review and possibly overturn a decision.
Arbitration: A method of resolving disputes outside of court where a neutral third party makes a binding decision.
Arraignment: A court proceeding where charges are formally read and a plea is entered.
Articles of Dissolution: A legal document filed with the state to formally close a business.
Articles of Incorporation: Articles of Incorporation
Asset Protection: Legal strategies to protect personal or business assets from lawsuits or creditors.
Asset Protection Trust: A trust designed to shield assets from creditors.
Authorized Shares: The maximum number of stock shares a corporation is allowed to issue.

➡️️ B

Bail: Money or bond paid to secure a person’s release from jail before trial.
Bail Bond: A financial guarantee from a third party (bondsman) securing a defendant’s release.
Bail Forfeiture: Loss of bail money due to failure to appear in court.
Bail Hearing: A court proceeding to determine if bail should be granted and at what amount.
Balance Billing: The practice of billing a patient for the difference between provider charge and insurance reimbursement.
Bankruptcy: A legal process to eliminate or repay debt under court supervision.
Bench Warrant: A court order for a person's arrest due to failure to appear in court.
Beneficiary: A person who receives benefits or assets from a will, trust, or insurance policy.
Beneficiary Designation: A form that names who receives an account or policy after your death.
Best Interest of the Child: A legal standard used to determine custody and visitation based on the child’s well-being.
Best Interests of the Child: The legal standard courts use to determine custody arrangements.
Black Box Data: Electronic data recorded by a truck that can reveal speed, braking, and driver actions before a crash.
Blockburger Test: Legal test used to determine whether two charges are the same offense.
Bounty Hunter: A financial guarantee from a third party (bondsman) securing a defendant’s release.
Breach of Contract: A legal violation of the terms agreed upon in a binding contract like an NDA.
Burden of Proof: The obligation to prove the facts in a case—usually rests with the plaintiff or prosecutor.
Business Entity: A legally recognized organization formed to conduct business.
Business License: Government-issued authorization to legally operate a business.
Business Purpose: A short statement of the corporation’s operational goals or objectives.
Buyout: When one spouse pays the other for their share of the home's equity to keep the property.
Buyout Clause: A section in a contract outlining how a partner’s share can be bought out.

➡️️ C

Capital Contribution: The money or assets a partner invests into the business.
Certificate of Incorporation: Another name for Articles of Incorporation in many states.
Charge Bargaining: Negotiating to plead guilty to a less serious charge.
Child Custody: Legal responsibility for the care and control of a child.
Child Custody Agreement: A court-approved document outlining legal and physical custody of a child.
Civil Case: A non-criminal lawsuit typically involving private disputes.
Claim: A formal request for compensation made to an insurance company or court.
Co-Ownership: When both ex-spouses retain joint ownership of a property after divorce.
Codicil: A formal amendment or addition to an existing will.
Commercial Vehicle: A vehicle used for business purposes, often subject to federal trucking regulations.
Community Property: A legal standard where spouses equally own all marital property (applies in some states).
Comparative Negligence: A legal principle that reduces the amount of damages a plaintiff can recover based on their percentage of fault in the accident.
Complaint: The initial document that starts a civil lawsuit.
Confidential Information: Non-public business data or trade secrets that are protected by an NDA.
Contempt of Court: Willful disobedience or disrespect toward the court or its orders.
Contested Divorce: A divorce where spouses disagree on one or more key issues like custody, support, or property.
Contingency Fee: A payment arrangement where the lawyer only gets paid if the client wins the case.
Contract: A legally binding agreement between two or more parties.
Cooling-Off Period: A mandatory waiting time before a divorce can be finalized.
Corporation: A legal entity that is separate from its owners, offering limited liability and share issuance.
CPT Code: Code that describes medical procedures and services for billing.
Credibility: The believability of the injured person’s account, which can affect the value of non-economic damages.
Criminal Defense Attorney: A lawyer who represents individuals or entities charged with criminal offenses.
Cruelty: A fault ground based on physical or emotional abuse.
Custodial Parent: The parent with whom the child lives most of the time.
Custody Evaluation: A professional assessment ordered by the court to evaluate each parent’s fitness.
Custody Modification: A legal change to an existing custody agreement based on new circumstances.

➡️️ D

Defendant: The person or party being accused or sued in a legal case.
Deferred Adjudication: A plea deal where a defendant pleads guilty or no contest, but the judge defers a finding of guilt.
Demand Letter: A formal letter requesting compensation for injuries and losses, sent before filing a lawsuit.
Denial Notice: A written explanation from the insurer rejecting all or part of a claim.
Deposition: Sworn out-of-court testimony used to gather evidence.
Digital Assets: Online accounts and digital files with financial or sentimental value.
Digital Executor: A person appointed to manage your digital property after death.
Discovery: The legal process where both sides exchange evidence and gather information before trial.
Dispute Resolution: A method (mediation, arbitration) to resolve conflicts without going to court.
Dispute Resolution Clause: A part of a contract that outlines how disagreements will be handled.
Divorce Decree: A court's final order officially ending a marriage.
Double Jeopardy: Legal protection against being tried more than once for the same criminal offense.
Double Taxation: Corporate profits taxed at both the corporate and shareholder level.
DRG: Classification system hospitals use to bill for inpatient care.
Due Diligence: Research and analysis done before a legal or financial transaction.
Due Process: Legal requirement that a person receive fair treatment through the judicial system.
Durable POA: A power of attorney that remains effective even if the principal becomes incapacitated.
Durable Power of Attorney: A document allowing someone to manage your finances and legal matters if you're incapacitated.
Duress: Pressure or coercion to sign a contract, which can make it invalid.

➡️️ E

EIN: Employer Identification Number used for tax filings and banking.
Emancipation: Legal process through which a minor becomes independent from parental control.
Emergency Medical Condition: A condition that requires immediate medical attention to avoid serious jeopardy to a patient’s health, as defined by federal law.
Emotional Distress: Psychological suffering such as anxiety, depression, or PTSD caused by an injury.
Equitable Distribution: A fair, but not necessarily equal, division of property based on various factors.
Estate: All the money, property, and other assets owned by a person at death.
Estate Plan: A set of legal documents that dictate how your assets will be managed after death.
Estate Tax: A tax imposed on the transfer of the estate of a deceased person.
Evidence: Information presented in court to support or refute a claim.
Ex Parte: Legal proceedings conducted for the benefit of one party without the other present.
Exclusionary Rule: A legal principle that prevents evidence obtained unlawfully from being used in court.
Exclusions: Information not covered by the NDA, such as publicly known facts or independently obtained knowledge.
Exclusive Use Order: A court order giving one spouse the right to remain in the home during or after divorce.
Executor: A person named in a will to carry out the deceased’s wishes.
Explanation of Benefits (EOB): Explanation of Benefits (EOB)
Expungement: The legal process of erasing or sealing a criminal record from public view.
External Review: A legally mandated independent review of a denied insurance claim.

➡️️ F

Fact Bargaining: Agreeing to certain facts in exchange for concessions.
False Confession: An admission of guilt for a crime the person didn’t commit, often under coercion or pressure.
Family Court: The specialized court that handles matters like custody, divorce, and support.
Family Law: The area of law dealing with matters like divorce, custody, and adoption.
Fault: Legal responsibility for causing an accident or injury.
Fault-Based Divorce: A divorce based on specific allegations like adultery, cruelty, or abandonment.
Felony: A serious crime typically punishable by more than one year in prison.
Fender-Bender: A minor car accident involving slight vehicle damage and no serious injuries.
Final Tax Return: The last tax filing made before closing a business, marked as “final” on IRS forms.
FMCSA: The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, which regulates commercial trucking in the U.S.
Foreclosure: Legal process where a lender takes property to recover a loan.
Fourth Amendment: A U.S. constitutional amendment protecting against unreasonable searches and seizures.
Franchise Tax: A state tax some businesses must pay for the right to operate.
Fraud: Intentional deception for personal or financial gain.
Free Consultation: An initial meeting with a lawyer where potential clients can discuss their case at no charge and without obligation.
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA): A law allowing public access to government records.
Full Custody: Common term for having both sole legal and physical custody of a child.
Full Financial Disclosure: Requirement that both parties reveal all assets and liabilities before signing a prenup.

➡️️ G

Garnishment: A court order directing money to be withheld from someone’s wages to pay a debt.
Good Faith Estimate: A written cost estimate that must be provided to patients who are uninsured or self-pay, outlining expected charges for medical services.
Grand Jury: A group of citizens who review evidence and decide whether to bring charges.
Grantee: The person who receives property or rights in a legal transaction.
Grantor: The person who transfers property or rights.
Grounds for Divorce: Legally acceptable reasons to end a marriage, which vary by state.
Guardian: A person appointed to care for minor children if the parents are deceased or incapacitated.
Guardian ad Litem: A neutral person appointed by the court to represent the best interests of the child.
Guardianship: Legal authority to care for another person, often a child or incapacitated adult.
Guilty Plea: An admission of guilt in court.

➡️️ H

Habeas Corpus: A legal action requiring a person under arrest to be brought before a judge.
Harassment: Unwanted conduct affecting a person’s dignity or creating an intimidating environment.
Health Care Directive: A document outlining your medical treatment preferences and appointing someone to make health decisions if you cannot.
Health Insurance Claim: A request made to an insurance company for payment of medical services.
Hearsay: Secondhand information not admissible as evidence under certain rules.
Heir: A person entitled to receive a portion of a deceased person’s estate.
Holographic Will: A will that is handwritten and signed by the testator; valid only in certain states and under specific conditions.
Homeowner’s Association (HOA): Organization enforcing rules in a housing community.
Hung Jury: A jury that cannot reach a unanimous verdict.

➡️️ I

ICD-10: Diagnosis code used by healthcare providers to describe medical conditions.
IIED (Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress): Claim for extreme psychological harm caused on purpose.
Immunity: Legal protection from prosecution or lawsuit.
In-Network Provider: A healthcare provider that has an agreement with your insurance company to offer services at pre-negotiated rates.
Incorporator: The person or entity who files the Articles of Incorporation.
Injunction: A court order requiring a party to do or refrain from doing something.
Insanity Defense: A legal defense claiming the defendant was not responsible due to mental illness.
Insurance Adjuster: A representative of the insurance company who evaluates and negotiates claims.
Interrogation: The process of questioning a suspect or witness by law enforcement.
Interrogatories: Written questions requiring written answers during legal discovery.
Intestacy: The legal process that occurs when someone dies without a valid will; state laws determine how the estate is distributed.
Intestate: Dying without a legally valid will.
Irreconcilable Differences: A common reason cited in no-fault divorces meaning the couple cannot resolve their issues.
Irretrievable Breakdown: Legal terminology for a marriage beyond repair.
Irrevocable Trust: A trust that cannot be modified after creation.

➡️️ J

Jeopardy Attaches: The point in a trial when legal jeopardy begins and protections kick in.
Joint Custody: Shared legal and/or physical custody between both parents.
Joint Liability: When two or more parties share equal responsibility for a liability or debt.
Joint Tenancy: A form of property ownership where two or more people share equal ownership rights.
Judgment: A final decision made by a court in a legal case.
Judicial Notice: A court’s recognition of certain facts as being universally known or undisputed without needing evidence.
Judicial Review: The process by which courts examine the constitutionality of legislative actions.
Jury Duty: A civic duty where a person is selected to serve as a juror in a legal case.

➡️️ K

Key Witness: A witness whose testimony is crucial to the outcome of a case.
Kidnapping: The unlawful taking or confinement of a person against their will.
Killer: A person who unlawfully takes another person's life.
Kiosk: A small, self-contained structure, often used in legal settings for documentation or records.
Knowledge: Awareness or understanding of facts or circumstances related to a case.

➡️️ L

Lawsuit: A legal action taken by one party to seek a remedy against another.
Lease: A legal agreement between a landlord and tenant outlining rental terms for property.
Legacy Contact: A person authorized by a platform to manage or memorialize your digital account after your death.
Legal Custody: The right to make important decisions about a child's life (school, medical, religion).
Liability: Legal responsibility for one’s actions or omissions that result in harm or damage.
Limited Liability: A legal status where a business owner's personal assets are protected from business debts and legal claims.
Litigation: The process of taking legal action through the courts.
Living Trust: A legal arrangement that holds and manages assets for your benefit during your lifetime and distributes them after death.
Living Will: A document that specifies a person’s wishes regarding medical treatment in case of incapacity.
LLC (Limited Liability Company): A legal structure that provides liability protection for its owners while maintaining tax flexibility.

➡️️ M

Marital Property: Assets acquired during the marriage and subject to division in divorce.
Maximum Medical Improvement (MMI): The point at which a person’s condition has stabilized and is unlikely to improve further with treatment.
Mediation: A method of dispute resolution where a neutral third party helps the parties reach an agreement.
Medicaid Spend-Down: The process of reducing assets to qualify for long-term care benefits under Medicaid.
Medical Bill: A statement showing the costs of healthcare services provided to a patient.
Medical Billing Advocate: A professional who helps patients review and dispute medical charges.
Medical Necessity: A treatment or service considered essential for diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of illness.
Medical Power of Attorney: A POA that allows someone to make healthcare decisions on your behalf.
Minor: A person who is under the age of majority, typically 18 years old.
Miranda Rights: The rights police must read before interrogating someone in custody, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney.
Miscarriage of Justice: A situation where a legal process leads to an unjust outcome.
Misdemeanor: A lesser crime, usually punishable by fines or less than one year in jail.
Mistrial: A trial that is not successfully completed, usually due to a procedural error or hung jury.
Mitigation: Efforts made to reduce the severity of harm or damages in a legal case.
Motion: A formal request made to the court for a specific ruling or order.
Motion to Dismiss: A formal request to throw out the case due to lack of evidence.
Motion to Modify Custody: A legal request to change an existing custody order.
Motion to Suppress: A request made to the court to exclude evidence obtained in violation of a defendant’s rights.
Multiple Defendants: Legal term for when more than one party may be held responsible in a case.
Multiplier Method: A way of calculating pain and suffering by multiplying actual damages by a factor.
Mutual NDA: An agreement where both parties are restricted from sharing each other’s information.

➡️️ N

Negligence: The failure to take proper care, resulting in harm or damage to another person.
Negotiation: A discussion aimed at reaching an agreement, often as part of a dispute resolution process.
NIED (Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress): Legal claim for emotional harm caused unintentionally.
No Contest Plea: A plea where the defendant does not admit guilt but accepts punishment.
No Surprises Act: A federal law that protects patients from unexpected out-of-network charges.
No-Fault Divorce: A divorce where no wrongdoing needs to be proven by either party.
Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA): A legal contract that prevents parties from sharing confidential information.
Non-Disclosure Order: A legal order that prohibits the release of certain criminal records to the public.
Non-Economic Damages: Compensation for intangible losses like pain, suffering, and emotional distress.
Notarization: The process of making a legal document official with a notary public’s seal.
Notice: A formal written communication informing someone of a legal action, requirement, or event.
Null and Void: A legal term indicating that an agreement or contract is no longer valid or enforceable.

➡️️ O

Objection: A formal protest raised during a trial to challenge the admissibility of evidence or procedure.
Offender: A person who commits an illegal act or crime.
Offer: A proposal made by one party to another as the basis of a contract.
One-Way NDA: An NDA where only one party is bound to confidentiality.
Operating Agreement: An internal document that outlines how an LLC is managed, including dissolution rules.
Opposition: A party’s formal resistance to a legal claim, typically in a lawsuit.
Oral Contract: A verbal agreement that is legally binding under certain circumstances.
Out-of-Network Provider: A doctor or facility that does not have a contract with your health insurance plan, often leading to higher costs.
Own Recognizance (OR): Release from custody without payment, based on a promise to return to court.

➡️️ P

Pain and Suffering: The physical pain and emotional distress a person endures after an injury.
Pardon: An act by a government official that forgives a person for a crime and eliminates punishment.
Parental Alienation: When one parent attempts to damage or sabotage the child’s relationship with the other parent.
Parenting Plan: A document detailing how parents will share time and responsibilities after separation or divorce.
Partnership Agreement: A legal document outlining terms between two or more business partners.
Pass-Through Taxation: Income passes through to the owner’s personal tax return, avoiding corporate tax.
Password Manager: A software tool that securely stores login credentials.
Patient Responsibility: The portion of the bill you’re required to pay after insurance.
Payable-on-Death (POD): A designation that lets you name a beneficiary for a bank account.
Per Diem Method: A pain and suffering calculation based on daily rate × number of recovery days.
Personal Guarantee: A legal promise by an individual to repay a business debt if the business itself is unable to do so.
Personal Injury Attorney: A lawyer who helps people injured by others’ negligence seek compensation.
Personal Injury Claim: A legal request for compensation after someone is injured due to another’s negligence.
Personal Injury Lawsuit: A legal case filed by an injured person seeking compensation for damages caused by another party.
Personal Injury Settlement: Money paid to an injured party to resolve a claim outside of court.
Physical Custody: Where and with whom the child primarily lives.
Piercing the Corporate Veil: A legal concept where courts hold business owners personally liable if they.
Plaintiff: A person or entity who brings a legal case against another in a civil court.
Plea Bargain: A negotiated agreement where a defendant pleads guilty to a lesser charge to avoid trial.
Power of Attorney (POA): A legal document that allows one person to act on another’s behalf in legal, financial, or medical matters.
Pre-Existing Condition: A health issue diagnosed or treated before a new insurance policy starts.
Precedent: A legal decision that serves as an example for future cases.
Prenuptial Agreement: A legal contract signed before marriage that outlines how assets and debts will be handled during and after the marriage.
Principal: The person granting authority in a Power of Attorney document.
Prior Authorization: Approval required by your insurer before you receive certain treatments or prescriptions.
Probable Cause: A reasonable belief that a crime has been committed, justifying an arrest or search.
Probate: The legal process of administering a deceased person’s estate.
Probation: A sentence allowing the offender to serve time outside prison under specific conditions.
Prosecution: The government’s legal team seeking to prove the defendant’s guilt.
Prosecutor: The lawyer representing the government in a criminal case.
Public Defender: An agreement where a defendant pleads guilty in exchange for a reduced sentence or lesser charge.

➡️️ Q

Qualified Immunity: Legal protection preventing government officials from being sued for certain actions performed in their official capacity.
Quantum Meruit: A legal principle that allows a person to recover the value of work or services when no formal agreement exists.
Quash: To annul or set aside a legal order or proceeding.
Quasi-Contract: An obligation imposed by law to prevent unjust enrichment, even in the absence of an agreement.
Quorum: The minimum number of members required to conduct business in a legislative or judicial body.

➡️️ R

Reasonable Suspicion: A lower standard than probable cause, used for brief stops or investigations.
Rebuttal: Evidence or argument presented to contradict or disprove another party’s case.
Record Sealing: Restricting access to criminal records, making them inaccessible to the general public.
Recusal: A judge’s withdrawal from a case due to a conflict of interest.
Refinance: Taking a new mortgage to pay off the old one, often used to remove one spouse from the loan.
Registered Agent: An individual or company designated to receive legal correspondence for a business.
Remand: A higher court sends a case back to a lower court for further proceedings.
Res judicata: A doctrine preventing the re-litigation of matters already settled in court.
Rescission: The cancellation of a contract and the return of parties to their original position.
Residency Requirement: The length of time a person must live in a state before filing for divorce there.
Retainer Fee: An upfront payment made to a lawyer to secure their services.
Revocable Trust: A trust that can be altered or canceled during the grantor’s lifetime.
Revocation: The act of canceling or replacing a previously made will.
Revocation of POA: A legal document that cancels a previously granted Power of Attorney.
RUFADAA: A law that governs fiduciary access to digital assets.

➡️️ S

Search Warrant: A legal document issued by a judge allowing law enforcement to search a specific place.
Self-Funded Plan: A health insurance plan where the employer assumes the financial risk for providing healthcare benefits to employees, often exempt from state insurance laws.
Sentence Bargaining: Pleading guilty in return for a lighter punishment
Sentencing: The legal punishment imposed after a guilty verdict.
Separate Property: Assets owned by one spouse before marriage or received as a gift or inheritance.
Separate Sovereigns Doctrine: A rule allowing both state and federal prosecutions for the same act.
Separation Period: A legally required amount of time a couple must live apart before filing for divorce in some states.
Settlement: An agreement between parties to resolve a legal dispute without going to trial.
Several Liability: When each party is responsible only for their portion of a liability or debt.
Short-Term Health Plan: A non-ACA policy that offers temporary coverage and often excludes pre-existing conditions.
Small Estate Affidavit: Small Estate Affidavit
Soft Tissue Injury: Damage to muscles, ligaments, or tendons, often resulting from minor car accidents.
Sole Custody: One parent has full legal or physical custody rights.
Sole Legal Custody: One parent has the right to make major decisions about the child’s life.
Sole Physical Custody: The child primarily lives with one parent, who handles day-to-day care.
Sole Proprietorship: A business owned and operated by one individual, with no legal distinction between the owner and the business.
Special Enrollment Period: A time outside of open enrollment when you can sign up for ACA health insurance due to life events.
Special Needs Trust: A trust designed to protect benefits for individuals with disabilities.
Spousal Support (Alimony): Payments from one spouse to the other after a divorce, which can be addressed in a prenup.
Springing POA: A POA that takes effect only after a specific condition, like incapacity, is met.
Statute of Limitations: The time period during which a lawsuit must be filed before it expires.
Strict Liability: Legal responsibility for harm caused by actions regardless of intent or fault.
Subpoena: A legal document requiring someone to attend court or produce evidence.
Subrogation: The process by which an insurer assumes the rights of the insured to pursue recovery from a third party.
Suppression of Evidence: A legal ruling that certain evidence cannot be used in court, often due to improper police conduct.

➡️️ T

Testamentary Trust: A trust established within a will, effective after death.
Testator: A person who creates a will.
Tort: A civil wrong or injury for which the law provides a remedy, such as negligence or defamation.
Trade Secret: Information that gives a business a competitive edge and is protected by law from disclosure.
Transfer-on-Death (TOD): A tool for passing financial assets or real estate to beneficiaries without probate.
Trial: A formal examination of evidence in a court of law to determine guilt or liability.
Trust: A legal arrangement where one party holds property for the benefit of another.
Trustee: The individual or institution managing assets within a trust.

➡️️ U

Uncontested Divorce: A divorce where both parties agree on all terms and require minimal court involvement.
Undue Influence: The improper use of power or trust to influence a decision, often in the context of wills or contracts.
Uniform Commercial Code (UCC): A set of laws governing commercial transactions in the United States.
Unlawful Detention: Holding a person without legal justification or due process.
Unlawful Search and Seizure: A search or taking of property done without probable cause or a warrant.
Uptime: In technical terms, the period when a system is working properly and available for use in legal cases involving digital systems.
Usury: Charging an interest rate higher than the legal limit.

➡️️ V

Venue: The geographic location where a court case is heard.
Verdict: The decision reached by a jury or judge in a case.
Vicarious Liability: Legal responsibility for the actions of another person, typically an employee acting within the scope of their job.
Visitation Rights: Legal allowance for the non-custodial parent to spend time with the child.
Void: A legal term meaning that something is invalid or without effect.
Voir Dire: The jury selection process before a trial begins.
Vulnerability: A term used in legal contexts to refer to individuals or groups at higher risk for harm or exploitation.

➡️️ W

Warranty: A guarantee or promise that certain conditions will be met, such as in a contract or product sale.
Whiplash: A neck injury caused by sudden, forceful back-and-forth movement of the head, often occurring in car accidents.
Whistleblower: An individual who reports illegal or unethical activity within an organization.
Will: A legal document outlining a person’s wishes regarding the distribution of their property after death.
Will (Last Will and Testament): A legal document specifying how your assets should be distributed after death and who should care for minor children.
Witness: A person who provides testimony under oath in court.
Writ: A formal written order issued by a court.

➡️️ X

Xenophobia: Fear or hatred of foreigners, which can manifest in discrimination and legal issues.

➡️️ Y

Yellow Dog Contract: An agreement that forces workers to agree not to join a union, typically seen as unethical and illegal.

➡️️ Z

Zero Tolerance: A policy or law that imposes strict consequences for specific behaviors, regardless of the circumstances.